|
|
Changes in the contents of anthocyanins and photosynthetic pigments in barley leaves under the effect od climate change factors
Nikodymová, Michaela ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Mašková, Petra (referee)
Ongoing climate change and its manifestations have a significant impact on agricultural crops, which are exposed to a wide range of abiotic (drought, high or low temperature, elevated UV radiation) and biotic (pathogens, pests) stress factors that can dangerously affect their growth and yield. One of the very important phenomena of climate change is the increasing concentration of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Manifestations of climate change, such as high temperature and drought, interact together with increased CO2 concentration, and these interactions can have serious effects on vegetation. This diploma thesis examines the effect of climate change factors and stress factors on the content of pigments with the importance of plant protection against stress, namely photosynthetic pigments and anthocyanins in barley leaves. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether and what are the differences in the response to these factors in two varieties of barley, differ in their resistance to photooxidative stress. The plants were grown in pots in growth chambers under controlled conditions and in flower beds in adjustable greenhouses with open roofs in the experimental station of plant ecophysiology Domanínek of the Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences in...
|
|
|
Anthocyanins in plant leaves: protective function and spectroscopic detection
Nikodymová, Michaela ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Urban, Otmar (referee)
Plants have to cope with the change in the various environmental factors, the change of these factors means stress for plants. Stress factors can cause damage that lead to inhibition of growth and photosynthesis, resulting in the extreme cases in the death of the whole organism and negatively affect farm yields. Plants have to develop defensive mechanisms, including the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves. The aim of the present review is to summarize the knowledge about the influence of stress factors on the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves and about the function of anthocyanins in the protection. Anthocyanins most often act as antioxidants that react with ROS and inactivate them, they can also act as filters against UV radiation and as a protection against herbivores. Further, there are summarized the knowledge about spectral methods of detection of anthocyanins in leaves with emphasis on non-destructive detection methods. Spectral methods allow the analysis of anthocyanins based on the interaction of the leaf and its chemical components with the incident radiation. The most commonly used method is UV-VIS spectrophotometry. In order to study pigment change in leaves during ontogenetic development, non-destructive methods of pigment detection should be used. Suitable method can allow us...
|
|
|
Methods of detection of fungal diseases applicable in plant phenotyping and remote sensing
Klem, Karel ; Veselá, Barbora ; Holub, Petr ; Urban, Otmar ; Mezera, J.
This methodology summarises findings from a comparison of three perspective methods of fungal disease detection applicable for remote sensing and plant phenotyping of fungal disease resistance. These methods are spectral reflectance, infrared thermal imaging, and blue-green fluorescence imaging. On the example of winter wheat infection with powdery mildew, stripe rust and brown rust the strengths and weaknesses of individual methods were demonstrated. From these results it is evident that all three methods are potentially applicable for non-destructive fungal disease detection, but their practical use may vary. Testing of spectral reflectance indices for the detection of fungal diseases showed particularly the high detection reliability of the red-edge and green band based spectral vegetation indices. Infrared thermal imaging has shown high detection accuracy for powdery mildew and brown rust, but lower for stripe rust. Blue-green fluorescence and thermal imaging seems to be also a very promising tools for evaluating the intensity and spatial distribution of infection on a leaf level.
|
|
|
Anthocyanins in plant leaves: protective function and spectroscopic detection
Nikodymová, Michaela ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Urban, Otmar (referee)
Plants have to cope with the change in the various environmental factors, the change of these factors means stress for plants. Stress factors can cause damage that lead to inhibition of growth and photosynthesis, resulting in the extreme cases in the death of the whole organism and negatively affect farm yields. Plants have to develop defensive mechanisms, including the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves. The aim of the present review is to summarize the knowledge about the influence of stress factors on the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves and about the function of anthocyanins in the protection. Anthocyanins most often act as antioxidants that react with ROS and inactivate them, they can also act as filters against UV radiation and as a protection against herbivores. Further, there are summarized the knowledge about spectral methods of detection of anthocyanins in leaves with emphasis on non-destructive detection methods. Spectral methods allow the analysis of anthocyanins based on the interaction of the leaf and its chemical components with the incident radiation. The most commonly used method is UV-VIS spectrophotometry. In order to study pigment change in leaves during ontogenetic development, non-destructive methods of pigment detection should be used. Suitable method can allow us...
|
guest ::
